Iodine
PubChem CID: 807
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| Compound Synonyms | iodine, 7553-56-2, I, Molecular iodine, Diiodine, Iodine crystals, Iodine sublimed, Tincture iodine, Vistarin, Eranol, Iodio, Iode, Iosan superdip, Jood, Iodine-127, Iodine colloidal, Actomar, Iodine tincture, Iodine Tincture USP, iodium, Jodosan, Tegodyne, Iodum, Caswell No. 501, Iodine strong, 12190-71-5, Iodine (resublimed), Iodine ((127)I2), HSDB 34, CCRIS 9223, Jod [German, Polish], I2, Iodine mild, EINECS 231-442-4, MFCD00011355, NSC 42355, NSC-42355, DTXSID7034672, Jod, UNII-9679TC07X4, CHEBI:17606, Iodine [USP:JAN], Iodine I-131, 9679TC07X4, DTXCID5014672, EC 231-442-4, iodine (ii), Iodine, crystalline, NSC42355, Iodine (USP:JAN), IODINE [II], IODINE (MART.), IODINE [MART.], Iodio [Italian], Jod (GERMAN, POLISH), IODINE (EP IMPURITY), IODINE [EP IMPURITY], Jood [Dutch], IODINE (EP MONOGRAPH), IODINE [EP MONOGRAPH], IODE [French], IODINE (USP MONOGRAPH), Iodine [JAN], IODINE [USP MONOGRAPH], diiodane, Iodine 127, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 046905, exceed, Bovadine, Ecodyne, Halfdyne, Megadyne, Monodyne, Optidyne, Pentadyne, Predyne, Prodyne, Proteat, Teradyne, Ascend, iodine-iodide, iodonium iodide, Cadex, DermaFive, Diatomic iodine, QuarterMatePlus, Sweat, UdderDyne, AlphaPro, BoviSoft, Teatguard Plus, AI3-08544, Della Barrier, Gil Barricade, Bio Iodine, Gil Surpass, Winter Dine, BoviSoft Barrier, Bovi-Kote, Bovi-Sure, Iodine,, Controlled Iodine, Eco-Gard, Eco-Plus, Eco-Star, Iodoshield Active, Nue Plus, Reef Dip, Titratable Iodine, Udderdine APEX, West Dip, Defend II, Della One Plus, I-deal, IO Shield, IO-Shield, IODip, Iokote II, Barrier Teat Dip, Gil Econo Dip, Gil Ultra Dip, Iodine, elemental, Metz Sani-Shield, Confidence .5, Gil Teat Dip, Gil Tri-Stat, Io-Link, Proteat-2, Astri IO Barrier, Astri-IO, Della CareEnhanced, Multi Dose MD, Multi Dose OG, Active Teat Cream, Astri IO-Con, Gil Pro-Dip, Iodine, resublimed, Medic Booster Dip, Udderdine 55, Udderdine 55L, Udderdine105, Udderdine110, Udderdine502, TDI Cold Snap, 1% Iodine Wound, Barrier-Dyne 10, Confidence 1-3, Eco-Gard SA, Eco-Plus SA, IO Mix Plus, Iodium 6C, I2I, Genesis 52, Gentle Iodine 1%, Sani-Star TeatStar, Udderdine 102, Udderdine 105, Udderdine 110, Udderdine 502, Confidence 1-10, Della Soft Enhanced, Eco-Pro Concentrate, Teat-Glo Teat Dip, UdderBlend EFC 5, BovaPro 52 Dip, Optidyne 500, Softdyne 102, Softdyne 105, Softdyne 110, Iodine 2%, Legend S.A., Sani-Star DermaStar, Eco-Dine Concentrate, Eco-Plus Concentrate, Eco-Soft Concentrate, Genesis 102, Genesis 105, Genesis 110, Iodine Tincture Rojo, LUGOLS, UDDERBLEND, Udderblend NPE Free, WORKALIN, Iodine post teat dip, BovaPro 110 Dip, Cadex (TN), Iodine, ACS reagent, Softdyne .502, Softdyne .505, Transcend NPE FREE, Bova Pro 55, BovaPro 102, BovaPro 105, BovaPro 110, BovaPro 113, GDC-28 Concentrate, IDC 20 Concentrate, Iodine 260 Premix, Metz Iodine Detergent, UdderBlend EFC 10, BovaGuard Barrier Dip, GENESIS BARRIER, IODINE-MOLECULE, BARRIER-DINE, QUADRA-PLEX, Softdyne .7575, Teat Spray 5000, BIO-SECURE, DUAL-DINE, DURA-GUARD, FULL-DINE, Iodine Pro Concentrate, FULL-BAC, Genesis 110 SPRA, IO Blend 10, IO-BLEND, IODEL FD, NU-UDDER, QuarterMate Concentrate, TRI-PLEX, UDDERBLEND SUPER, Bova Pro 105, Bova Pro 110, Bulk Iodine Concentrate, Della Barrier 2500, DUREX LEG PAINT, FORTRESS S PRAY, Optima Plus Concentrate, Udder 330, Winter Coat NPE Free, BovaPro 55 Teat Dip, Iodine lump, ultra dry, NU-OPT, BAC-STOP NPE Free, BOVAGUARD BARRIER, Confidence 0.10-2, QUARTER-BAC PLUS, BovaPro 52 Concentrate, BovaPro 85/15, Teat Dip 5000, Teat Dip 7075, Icon Imperial NPE Free, IODINE [VANDF], Lely Quaress Premo 55, ASPEN IODINE CONC, IODINE [HSDB], IoDip 105, IoDip 502, IODIUM [HPUS], Sani-Star TeatStar Plus, BovaPro 102 Teat Dip, Ecolab Optima Concentrate, Iodine (JP17/USP), IODINE [WHO-DD], IODINE [WHO-IP], Iodine Tincture (IODO), Teat Dip 10000, Udderdine 55 NPE Free, IODINE [MI], Sani-Star DermaStar Plus, Smart Dip 52 Teat Dip, 1.75% Iodine udderwash, Fresh 1-10%, Sprayable UD110 Barrier, Durex 7% Tincture Iodine, Legend SA Pro Concentrate, Sprayable Udderdine 110G, Teat Barrier Dip 1101, Colloidal Iodine Ophthalmic, Udderblend Super NPE Free, Udderdine 102 NPE Free, Udderdine 105 NPE Free, Udderdine 110 NPE Free, Udderdine 502 NPE Free, Iodine, resublimed crystals, NCDS TD7000NCN, IO Dip 502, COMMERCIAL 110 HV, Icon 10000 IV, Iodine Teat Dip Concentrate, SANI-DYNE 175, IODINE MILD [VANDF], NU-DYNE 50, DYNA-MAX 110, DYNA-MAX 505, Icon 10000 V, Icon 10000 X, Udder Wash 1.75% Iodine, Udderblend EFC 5 NPE Free, Bova Pro 150 Arctic Guard, Metz 0.5% Fresh Teat Dip, Post Dip PD 0.5-10, Sani-Star TeatStar NPE Free, IODINE MOLECULE (I2), IODINE STRONG [VANDF], IODUM [WHO-IP LATIN], Choremate One-Shot Concentrate, Sani-Star DermaStar NPE Free, TDI-110x4, TDI-52x10, Udderblend EFC 10 NPE Free, 0.5% Iodine Teat Dip/Spray, Icon 10000 X NPE Free, AlphaPro Concentrate 1 to 14, CDX-20, COLLOIDAL IODINEINJECTION, ICON 5000 II, ICON 5000 IV, IO-FOAM 5000, IODINE (127I2), NCDS TD70001, NU-OPT 330, T.D., TDI-52, AST Inc. Io-Derm TEAT DIP, BovaGuard 75 Barrier Teat Dip, 3% Iodine Teat Dip Concentrate, 5% Iodine Teat Dip Concentrate, CHEMBL1201225, Iodine, 99.99% metals basis, Iodine, AR, >=99.8%, Iodine, LR, >=99.5%, APEX 5000, CHEBI:36897, FS-103 II, FS-104 II, ICON 5000, CDX-979, EDX-502, EDX-505, FS-103X, FS-104X, TDI-110, BM 5000 UC, Salicylic Iodine (Iodo Salicilico), Sani-Star TeatStar Plus NPE Free, BCP31677, BM 10000 UC, Sani-Star DermaStar Plus NPE Free, NCDS TD70001-10%, Tox21_301294, CD 1-2, CD 5-2, CD 5-5, FS-103, FS-104, North Country Dairy Supply TD7075, North Country Dairy Supply TD7001N, AKOS015902439, ASTI ONE Sanitizing Barrier Teat Dip, Iodine spheres, ultra dry, -10 mesh, Teat-Spray 10000Sanitizing Teat Spr, CD 1-10, DB05382, Iodine, 99.999% trace metals basis, Iodine, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%, North Country Dairy Supply TD7001NA, Iodine, >=99.99% trace metals basis, Iodine, USP, 99.8-100.5%, 1%/15% Elite Iodine Barrier Post Dip, Iodine, JIS special grade, >=99.8%, Iodine, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%, NCGC00257544-01, 8031-47-8, AS-87959, BP-21210, Dairyland Brand Iodine Teat DipControlled, Iodine, ACS reagent, >=99.8%, solid, Iodine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%, chips, Milkhouse Brand Iodine Teat DipControlled, NPS IODINE TEAT WIPES WITH LANOLIN, CAS-7553-56-2, Iodine, purum p.a., >=99.5% (RT), Iodo Blanco (Iodine Tincture Decolorized), Metz 0.5% Iodine 5% Glycerine Teat Dip, Diiodine, IODUM, Jood, Iode, Jod, LUGOL, Iodine Tincture (IODO)First Aid Antiseptic, Iodine, resublimed crystals, Puratronic(R), I0604, Milkhouse Brand Fortrex 1% Iodine Teat Dip, NS00067940, C01382, D00108, Dairy Star EconoStar 110 Sanitizing Teat Dip, JCI MN Colloidal Iodine Immune-improving Water, AST Inc. Asti-Derm 10 SANITIZING TEAT DIP, Iodine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.8% (titration), Milkhouse Brand Monitor Conditioning Barrier Dip, Dairyland Brand Teat Shield Conditioning Barrier Dip, Q2064483, Dairy Star EconoStar 10K Sanitizing Iodine Teat Dip, Iodine, puriss., >=99.5% (RT), particles (round), Salicylic Iodine (Iodo Salicilico)First Aid Antiseptic, Iodine spheres, ultra dry, -10 mesh, 99.998% metals basis, Iodo Blanco (Iodine Tincture Decolorized)First Aid Antiseptic, JCI MN Colloidal Iodine Eye Wash Cleansing Water (Quasi Drug), Iodine, anhydrous, beads, -10 mesh, 99.999% trace metals basis, Iodine, ReagentPlus(R), 99.7% trace metals basis, beads, 1-3 mm, Iodine, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99.8-100.5%, 0.02 M Iodine in THF/Pyridine/Water (V/V/V = 89.6:0.4:10) NC-0506 2.5 L GL45 thread, 0.02 M Iodine in THF/Pyridine/Water (V/V/V = 90.6:0.4:9) NC-0504 450 mL 28-400 thread 2.5 L GL45 thread, 231-442-4, Hyacinth Oxidizer 0.05 M Iodine in Pyridine/Water (V/V = 90:10) NC-0502 450 mL 28-400 thread 1 L 2.5 L GL45 thread |
|---|---|
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 0.0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0.0 |
| Inchi Key | PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0.0 |
| State | Solid |
| Synonyms | Actomar, Cadex, Cadex (TN), Diatomic iodine, DIIodine, Eranol, HSDB 34, I2, IEF-Marker fluorescent pI 2.1, IODE, Iode Oligosol Liq 0.024mg/2ml, Iodine ((127)I2), Iodine (JP15/USP), Iodine (resublimed), Iodine [jan], Iodine according to hanus for the iodine value determination, Iodine colloidal, Iodine crystals, Iodine Liquid (S#125), Iodine sublimed, Iodine Tct 2%, Iodine tincture, Iodine tincture usp, Iodine-127, Iodine-molecule, Iodine, acs, Iodio, Iodium, Iodum, Iodum Dps D3-C1000, Iodum Gtte 4ch-30ch, Iodum(2-30ch), Iosan superdip, JOD, JOOD, Kelpasan-Tab 0.05mg, Lipiodol Ultra Fluide 38%, Liquid iodine, Lugols Soln 5%, Molecular iodine, Nature's fingerprint kelp capsules, Opti-iodine caplets, Pariodex Liq 10%, Plexa dulsin liq, Povidone iodine ont, Povidone iodine prep pad, Povidone Iodine Scrub Swabstick 0.75%, Solunet 1 Brosse 0.75%, Solunet 1 Eponge 0.75%, Spray I Dene 0.5%, Tincture iodine, Vistarin, Jod, Diiodine, Iode, Jood, Iodine 127, Iodine |
| Heavy Atom Count | 2.0 |
| Compound Name | Iodine |
| Kingdom | Inorganic compounds |
| Description | Elemental iodine (I2) is poisonous if taken orally in larger amounts, 2?3 grams of it is a lethal dose for an adult human., Elemental iodine is an oxidizing irritant and direct contact with skin can cause lesions, so iodine crystals should be handled with care. Solutions with high elemental iodine concentration such as tincture of iodine are capable of causing tissue damage if use for cleaning and antisepsis is prolonged., In many ways, 129I is similar to 36Cl. It is a soluble halogen, fairly non-reactive, exists mainly as a non-sorbing anion, and is produced by cosmogenic, thermonuclear, and in-situ reactions. In hydrologic studies, 129I concentrations are usually reported as the ratio of 129I to total I (which is virtually all 127I). As is the case with 36Cl/Cl, 129I/I ratios in nature are quite small, 10?14 to 10?10 (peak thermonuclear 129I/I during the 1960s and 1970s reached about 10?7). 129I differs from 36Cl in that its halflife is longer (15.7 vs. 0.301 million years), it is highly biophilic, and occurs in multiple ionic forms (commonly, I? and IO3?) which have different chemical behaviors. This makes it fairly easy for 129I to enter the biosphere as it becomes incorporated into vegetation, soil, milk, animal tissue, etc., Iodic acid (HIO3) and its salts are strong oxidizers. Periodic acid (HIO4) cleaves vicinal diols along the C-C bond to give aldehyde fragments. 2-Iodoxybenzoic acid and Dess-Martin periodinane are hypervalent iodine oxidants used to specifically oxidize alcohols to ketones or aldehydes. Iodine pentoxide is a strong oxidant as well., Iodine (pronounced /?a?.?da?n/ EYE-o-dyne, /?a?.?d?n/ EYE-o-d?n, or in chemistry /?a?.?di?n/ EYE-o-deen, from Greek: ????? iodes "violet"), is a chemical element that has the symbol I and atomic number 53. Naturally-occurring iodine is a single isotope with 74 neutrons. Chemically, iodine is the second least reactive of the halogens, and the second most electropositive halogen, trailing behind astatine in both of these categories. However, the element does not occur in the free state in nature. As with all other halogens (members of Group 17 in the periodic table), when freed from its compounds iodine forms diatomic molecules (I2)., Iodine forms many compounds. Potassium iodide is the most commercially significant iodine compound. It is a convenient source of the iodide anion, it is easier to handle than sodium iodide because it is not hygroscopic. Sodium iodide is especially useful in the Finkelstein reaction, because it is soluble in acetone, while potassium iodide is poorly so. In this reaction, an alkyl chloride is converted to an alkyl iodide. This relies on the insolubility of sodium chloride in acetone to drive the reaction:, Iodine is a common general stain used in thin-layer chromatography. It is also used in the Gram stain as a mordant, after the sample is treated with crystal violet., Iodine is an essential trace element for life, the heaviest element commonly needed by living organisms, and the second-heaviest known to be used by any form of life (only tungsten, a component of a few bacterial enzymes, has a higher atomic number and atomic weight). Iodine's main role in animal biology is as constituents of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These are made from addition condensation products of the amino acid tyrosine, and are stored prior to release in an iodine-containing protein called thyroglobulin. T4 and T3 contain four and three atoms of iodine per molecule, respectively. The thyroid gland actively absorbs iodide from the blood to make and release these hormones into the blood, actions which are regulated by a second hormone TSH from the pituitary. Thyroid hormones are phylogenetically very old molecules which are synthesized by most multicellular organisms, and which even have some effect on unicellular organisms., Iodine is an essential trace element. Chemically, iodine is the least reactive of the halogens, and the most electropositive halogen after astatine. However, iodine does not occur in the free state in nature. As with all other halogens , when freed from its compounds iodine forms diatomic molecules (I2)., Iodine and its compounds are primarily used in medicine, photography, and dyes. Iodine is required for the production of thyroid hormones, which are essential for normal brain development, and the fetus, newborn, and young child are particularly vulnerable to iodine deficiency. Physiologically, iodine exists as an ion in the body. The iodine requirement increases during pregnancy and recommended intakes are in the range of 220-250 microg/day. Monitoring iodine status during pregnancy is a challenge. New recommendations from World Health Organization suggest that a median urinary iodine concentration >250 microg/L and <500 microg/L indicates adequate iodine intake in pregnancy. Based on this range, it appears that many pregnant women in have inadequate intakes. Thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration in the newborn is a sensitive indicator of mild iodine deficiency in late pregnancy. The potential adverse effects of mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy are uncertain. Controlled trials of iodine supplementation in mildly iodine-deficient pregnant women suggest beneficial effects on maternal and newborn serum thyroglobulin and thyroid volume, but no effects on maternal and newborn total or free thyroid hormone concentrations. There are no long-term data on the effect of iodine supplementation on birth outcomes or infant development. New data from well-controlled studies indicate that iodine repletion in moderately iodine-deficient school-age children has clear benefits: it improves cognitive and motor function, Iodine under standard conditions is a shiny grey solid. It can be seen apparently sublimating at standard temperatures into a violet-pink gas that has an irritating odor. This halogen forms compounds with many elements, but is less reactive than the other members of its Group VII (halogens) and has some metallic light reflectance., Iodine-129 (129I, half-life 15.7 million years) is a product of cosmic ray spallation on various isotopes of xenon in the atmosphere, in cosmic ray muon interaction with tellurium-130, and also uranium and plutonium fission, both in subsurface rocks and nuclear reactors. Artificial nuclear processes, in particular nuclear fuel reprocessing and atmospheric nuclear weapons tests, have now swamped the natural signal for this isotope. Nevertheless, it now serves as a groundwater tracer as indicator of nuclear waste dispersion into the natural environment. In a similar fashion, 129I was used in rainwater studies to track fission products following the Chernobyl disaster., The most common compounds of iodine are the iodides of sodium (NaI) and potassium (KI) and the iodates (KIO3), as elemental iodine is mildly toxic to all living things. Normal iodine is an essential precursor for the manufacture of thyroid hormone., it also increases concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, and improves somatic growth. (PMID: 17956157). Iodine is found in many foods, some of which are tartary buckwheat, abalone, black chokeberry, and winter savory. |
| Exact Mass | 253.809 |
| Formal Charge | 0.0 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 253.809 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0.0 |
| Molecular Complexity | 0.0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 0.0 |
| Molecular Weight | 253.808 |
| Database Name | fooddb_chem_all;hmdb_chem_all;pubchem |
| Covalent Unit Count | 1.0 |
| Uniprot Id | P07202 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0.0 |
| Iupac Name | molecular iodine |
| Total Atom Stereocenter Count | 0.0 |
| Total Bond Stereocenter Count | 0.0 |
| Class | Homogeneous halogens |
| Inchi | InChI=1S/I2/c1-2 |
| Smiles | II |
| Xlogp | 1.7 |
| Superclass | Homogeneous non-metal compounds |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0.0 |
| Taxonomy Direct Parent | Homogeneous halogens |
| Molecular Formula | I2 |
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